cardiac output (CO) (gasto cardiaco (GC))

Contexto del término Minimally invasive and non-invasive methods of estimation of cardiac output (CO) were developed to overcome the limitations of invasive nature of pulmonary artery catheterization (PAC) and direct Fick method used for the measurement of stroke volume (SV). The important minimally invasive techniques available are: oesophageal Doppler monitoring (ODM), the derivative Fick method (using partial carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) breathing), transpulmonary thermodilution, lithium indicator dilution, pulse contour and pulse power analysis. Impedance cardiography is probably the only non-invasive technique in true sense. It provides information about haemodynamic status without the risk, cost and skill associated with the other invasive or minimally invasive techniques.